b. Statistics

There are following forms of computer criminality: computer manipulations, economic espionage, sabotage, computer extortion, "hackers" activity. The main character of committing computer crimes in the business field becomes highly qualified "white collars" from the suffered organization’s employees.

According to the MIS Traiding Institute (USA), they get 63% of all causes, examining crimes and abuses. More than 36% of law-committing employees are related to the personnel, which is not connected with computer servicing, 29% - qualified programmers, 25% - other workers of computing center. This tendency is reflected in official statistics too, according to which, about 40% of computer crimes are committed for solving of financial problems, 20% are motivated as an intellectual challenge to society, 17% - by the willing of solving personal problems, 8% - problems of corporation or organization, 4% - are directed for social admitting, 3% - for wounding somebody’s rights and so on.

c. "Hackers" and "crackers"

The most dangerous individuals of computer swindle are so called "hackers", "crackers" and representatives of other groups, working in the sphere of industrial espionage. So, many security specialists advise employers to pay special attention to engaged workers-specialists in computer technologies, programming and information protection spheres.

There are many causes, when "hackers" get a job with a goal of personal enrichment. But the most danger can represent such specialists, who are in collusion with managers of commercial structures and organized criminal groups; in these situations causing damage and weight of consequences considerably increases.

There are two types of unsanctioned access:

• internal "breaking open" – the criminal has access to the terminal, with information he interested in and can work with it for some time without somebody’s control;
• external "breaking open" – the criminal doesn’t have indirect access to the computer system, but has an opportunity of penetration to the protected system by means of remote access;  

Analysis of such actions shows that single crimes from own or neighbor work places gradually develop into network computer crimes, which are carried out by means of breaking of organizations’ protecting systems.

Therefore, the importance of information protection can not be doubted. I think, every organization should have a high-quality protection system in order to insure its safety. However, not only companies and state institutions need information protection system but also general home users need information protection system and should maintain the security of their computers.